01
Individualized Menopausal Hormone Therapy
Menopausal hormone therapy may help selected patients manage
bothersome menopause symptoms. Treatment can include estrogen,
with a progestogen when required for endometrial protection, or
local vaginal estrogen for selected genitourinary symptoms.
Hormone therapy is not suitable for everyone and is not
prescribed solely on request without assessment. Decisions
consider symptoms, age, time since menopause, uterus status,
medical and family history, cardiovascular and thrombotic risk,
breast-health history, medication use and patient preferences.
02
Potential Benefits
Depending on the formulation and patient, hormone therapy may
reduce hot flashes and night sweats, improve sleep disrupted by
vasomotor symptoms, and treat selected vaginal and urinary
symptoms. Systemic therapy also affects bone health, but
treatment decisions are based on the individual balance of
benefits and risks.
03
Assessment and Monitoring
Before prescribing, Dina reviews contraindications, relevant
screening history and treatment alternatives. The lowest
appropriate effective dose and route are considered based on the
clinical situation. Follow-up evaluates symptom response, side
effects, bleeding patterns, adherence and whether treatment
should continue or change.
04
Risks and Precautions
Risks vary by the type, dose, route, timing and duration of
therapy and by individual health factors. They may include blood
clots, stroke, gallbladder disease, breast-health risks and
abnormal bleeding. Any unexplained postmenopausal bleeding
requires medical assessment.